Caspar Merian (1627–1686) was a prominent Swiss-German topographical engraver, cartographer, and publisher who played a key role in continuing one of the most influential publishing dynasties of the 17th century. Born into the renowned Merian family, he was the son of Matthäus Merian the Elder, whose workshop in Frankfurt had become a leading center for illustrated books and maps in Europe.

Together with his brother, Matthäus Merian the Younger, Caspar took over the family publishing house in Frankfurt and further expanded its reputation for high-quality topographical and historical works. Their publications combined detailed geographic accuracy with rich visual storytelling, contributing significantly to the dissemination of knowledge about European regions and cities.

Among their most important works are volumes of the Topographia series, including Topographia Germaniae Inferioris vel Circuli Burgundici, which provided detailed descriptions and engravings of the principal cities and regions of the Seventeen Provinces (the Low Countries). They also contributed to the continuation of the monumental Theatrum Europaeum, an extensive chronicle of European political and military events.

Later in life, due to medical problems, Caspar Merian moved from Frankfurt to Wertheim in 1672, and subsequently to Friesland in 1677, where he joined the Labadist religious community. Despite these later transitions, his work remained deeply influential. Through his engravings and publications, Caspar Merian helped shape early modern European cartography and topographical representation, preserving and extending the legacy of the Merian publishing house.